Phonetics

The video below refers to cases of assimilation as directions of assimilation 

Can you guess its implication?

what are directions of assimilation in English

There are two main directions of assimilation in English:

## Progressive Assimilation

In progressive assimilation, a sound influences a following sound, causing it to change. For example, in the word "stopper", the /t/ becomes a /p/ under the influence of the following /p/.

## Regressive Assimilation

In regressive assimilation, a sound influences a preceding sound. This is more common in English. For instance, in the phrase "good morning", the /d/ in "good" becomes a nasal /n/ under the influence of the following /m/[1][3].

Some other examples of regressive assimilation in English:

- The /t/ in "good" becomes a /d/ when followed by a voiced consonant, as in "good morning" [ɡʊd mɔnɪŋ] → [ɡʊ̃d mɔ̃ːnɪ̃ŋ][3]

- The /v/ in "I have more" can become a nasal /ŋ/ when followed by a nasal consonant, as in [aɪ hæv maɪn] → [æ hæ̃m mɔ̃ː][3]

So in summary, while both progressive and regressive assimilation occur in English, regressive assimilation is more common, especially across word boundaries in connected speech.

Citations:

[1] [PDF] Assimilation of Consonants in English and Assimilation of the Definite ... https://www.arjonline.org/papers/arjel/v1-i4/3.pdf

[2] 8. Assimilation, its types, directions, stages and degrees. Non-obligatory ... https://studfile.net/preview/7754803/page:3/

[3] Assimilation of Manner - SLT info https://www.sltinfo.com/csp101-assimilaton-of-manner/

[4] Chapter 11.8: Assimilation - ALIC – Analyzing Language in Context https://alic.sites.unlv.edu/chapter-11-8-assimilation/

[5] Assimilation - Martin Weisser http://martinweisser.org/courses/phonetics/connect/assimilation.html