RNA RIBONUCLEIC ACID

Ribonucleic acid (RNA[1]) is a molecule similar toDNA[2] . Unlike DNA[2], RNA[1] is single-stranded. An RNA[1] strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (ribose) and phosphate groups. Attached to each sugar is one of four bases--adenine (A), uracil (U[4]), cytosine (C), or guanine (G). Different types of RNA[1] exist in the cell: messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA). More recently, some small RNAs have been found to be involved in regulating Gene[3] expression.
The cell uses RNA[1]for a number of different tasks, one of which is called messenger RNA, or mRNA. And that is the nucleic acid information molecule that transfers information from the genome[5] into proteins by translation. Another form of RNA[1] is tRNA, or transfer RNA, and these are non-protein encoding RNA molecules that physically carry amino acids to the translation site that allows them to be assembled into chains of proteins in the process of translation.