CHAPTER 2 BASICS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Glossaire

Central Dogma

The central dogma of molecular biology is an explanation of the flow of genetic information within a biological system. It is often stated as "DNA makes RNA, and RNA makes protein", although this is not its original meaning. It was first stated by Francis Crick in 1957, then published in 1958.

Chromosome

A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism.

Gene

A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called proteins. However, many genes do not code for proteins. In humans, genes vary in size from a few hundred DNA bases to more than 2 million bases.

Genome

A genome is all genetic material of an organism.

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