Chapter 1 — Introduction to Scientific English in Geology

Reading Section

English is the international language of science. For geologists, most research articles, conference presentations, and technical reports are written in English. Mastering scientific English allows students and researchers to read the current literature, share results in international meetings, and work with colleagues from different countries. This chapter explains why English matters in geology, how scientific communication works, and practical strategies for approaching long academic texts. You will learn how to identify main ideas, find key terms, and summarise a section in your own words.

Vocabulary Focus

TermDefinition
StratigraphyThe study of rock layers (strata) and layering.
IgneousRocks formed by cooling of magma or lava.
MetamorphicRocks changed by heat and pressure.
SedimentParticles transported and deposited by water, wind, or ice.

Exercises

Multiple Choice

  1. What is the common language of international scientific publications?



  2. Which rock type forms from cooling magma?



True / False

Stratigraphy studies rock layers.

Igneous rocks form only under high pressure.

Fill in the blank

Samples were ______ at site A and analysed in the laboratory.

Short writing

Write a short 5-line summary explaining why English matters in geology.


Self-Assessment

Use the 'Check answers' button to see a quick score. For written tasks, compare your text with model answers provided in the teacher guide.